Ketoconazole

A consensus of experts identified seven recommended interventions for AGA, including oral and topical finasteride, dutasteride, and minoxidil, while identifying 17 interventions that are not recommended.

A combined rosemary and neem extract (2:1) demonstrated superior antifungal activity against dandruff-causing agents compared to ketoconazole and outperformed minoxidil in hair growth trials.

Topical finasteride, ketoconazole, and C17P show promise for male pattern hair loss, with topical finasteride particularly effective when combined with minoxidil. C17P shows potential for acne vulgaris.

Topical ketoconazole shows promise as an adjunctive or alternative therapy for androgenetic alopecia, with evidence of increased hair shaft diameter and pilary index in human studies and improved hair regrowth in animal models.

Topical ketoconazole shows high clinical efficacy for Malassezia-related conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis and pityriasis versicolor, with efficacy rates ranging from 63-90% and 71-89% respectively.

First-line therapies recommended include oral finasteride 1 mg daily, oral dutasteride 0.5 mg daily, topical 5% minoxidil twice daily for MPHL and topical 1% minoxidil twice daily for FPHL, along with low-level laser therapy and hair transplantation.

Both ketoconazole shampoo and minoxidil produced similar improvements in hair density, follicle size, and proportion of anagen follicles in patients with androgenic alopecia.